CentOS 如何通过 rpm 手动安装 mysql
Download mysql
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
找到对应系统版本，这里是 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit), RPM Bundle
Install Bundle
解压压缩包，按顺序安装
$ rpm -i mysql-community-libs-*
$ rpm -i mysql-community-common-*
$ rpm -i mysql-community-client-*
$ rpm -i mysql-community-server-*
附各模块包含义
| Package Name | Summary |
|---|---|
| mysql-community-server | Database server and related tools |
| mysql-community-client | MySQL client applications and tools |
| mysql-community-common | Common files for server and client libraries |
| mysql-community-devel | Development header files and libraries for MySQL database client applications |
| mysql-community-libs | Shared libraries for MySQL database client applications |
| mysql-community-libs-compat | Shared compatibility libraries for previous MySQL installations |
| mysql-community-embedded | MySQL embedded library |
| mysql-community-embedded-devel | Development header files and libraries for MySQL as an embeddable library |
| mysql-community-test | Test suite for the MySQL server |
Start mysql
$ sudo service mysqld start
Configuration
安装好后，mysql 默认给 root 用户生成临时密码
$ sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
通过命令获取对应密码，登录进行修改 root 密码
$ mysql -uroot -p
执行命令修改
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY ‘MyPassword@123’;
例如这修改密码为 MyPassword@123，密码规则比较严格，必须一个大写字母，一个小写字母，一个数字，一个特殊字符，长度大于等于8个字符
到这里 mysql 就已经安装成功了，服务器上也能访问
但是到自己电脑使用 mysql 客户端工具访问 root 用户发现访问不了
这是因为 mysql 默认是不允许 root 用户进行远程连接访问，实际项目环境上也都会新建用户名，也就不存在这个问题
如果想开启 root 用户的远程连接，执行如下数据库命令
mysql> CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
这样，随便哪个客户端都可以使用 root 用户连接了
参考文章
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-rpm.html
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14779104/how-to-allow-remote-connection-to-mysql